Of all the important factors that must be considered when assessing and treating an athlete, the impact of patient sex is perhaps the most critical, yet historically has often been neglected. The "same injury" in a male patient may present differently, sometimes in subtle ways, than in a female patient and may require a different treatment approach. The Female Athlete, edited by Dr. Rachel Frank, provides concise, expert coverage of the ways in which common sports medicine injuries present in female patients versus male patients, describing recent literature analyzing sex differences in injury patterns and available treatment options.

Key Features
•Provides a comprehensive review of key areas of importance related to care for women in sports, including the differences in care and treatment for male and female patients.


•Covers many of the most common injuries female athletes face, including ACL injuries, shoulder instability, concussion, stress fractures, female overuse injuries, and more.

•Considers prevention strategies, nutritional recommendations, as well as exercise recommendations for women during pregnancy.

Author Information
By Rachel M Frank, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

1. Introduction
2. Epidemiology of Female versus Male Athletic Injuries
3. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
4. Meniscus and Articular Cartilage Injuries
5. Patellofemoral Syndrome
6. Patellar Instability
7. Shoulder Instability
8. Non-arthritic Hip Pathology
9. FAI and dysplasia
10. Ankle Instability
11. Female Overuse Injuries
12. Concussions
13. Stress Fractures
14. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
15. Female Athlete Triad
16. Exercise considerations before, during, and after pregnancy
17. Nutrition for the female athlete
18. ACL injury prevention strategies